3-Wire Resistance

Use the 3-wire resistance method, as shown in the following figure, to measure resistance on resistors that have three lead wires.



The 3-wire method uses three test leads, one pair for the excitation current (EX+, EX-), and a third wire (Sense-) to compensate for the lead wire resistances. The third wire measures the voltage developed over the lead resistance in the EX- leg of the excitation current path. By subtracting its value from the overall differential signal, the device can compensate for parasitic lead resistances in the EX+ leg. However, this would only compensate for lead resistance in the EX+ leg and not in the EX- leg. To compensate for lead resistance both in the EX- leg and in the EX+ leg, the device approximates the EX+ leg by assuming the voltage is the same as in the EX- leg. Thus the voltage between Sense- and EX- is multiplied by two before being subtracted from the overall differential signal. This method works well when lead resistances in the EX+ leg match resistances in the EX- leg.

Some legacy devices do not provide compensation. In that case, you need to specify the lead-wire resistance so that it can be subtracted in software.